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目的探讨3~5岁口腔龋病发生情况,分析相关影响因素并提出针对性预防措施。方法采用分层整群方法随机抽取3~5岁儿童326名作为研究对象,对所有儿童进行口腔龋病检查和问卷调查,分析相关影响因素。结果共有171名儿童患龋,患龋率达52.45%。3~5岁儿童患龋率分别为39.81%、51.75%和66.35%,呈现明显升高趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);开始刷牙时间<3岁组患龋率(33.91%)、刷牙次数≥2次组患龋率(31.03%)、很少甜食摄入组患龋率(28.70%)、家长口腔健康知晓率较高组患龋率(47.55%)均低于其他组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 3~5岁儿童口腔龋病与开始刷牙时间、刷牙次数、甜品摄入以及家长口腔健康知晓情况等因素有关,应采取有针对性的干预措施,提高家长口腔保健知识,指导儿童养成良好的饮食习惯和正确的刷牙方式。
Objective To investigate the incidence of dental caries in 3 ~ 5 years old, analyze the related factors and put forward some preventive measures. Methods A total of 326 children aged 3 ~ 5 years were randomly selected by stratified cluster method. All children were examined for dental caries and questionnaires, and the related factors were analyzed. Results A total of 171 children with caries, caries prevalence rate of 52.45%. The prevalence of dental caries in children aged 3 ~ 5 years was 39.81%, 51.75% and 66.35%, respectively, showing a significant upward trend (P <0.05). The caries prevalence was 33.91% (31.03%), less dental caries (28.70%) and parents with higher awareness of oral health (47.55%) were lower than the other groups, The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions Oral caries in children aged 3 ~ 5 years are related to the time of starting brushing, the frequency of toothbrushing, the intake of dessert and the oral health awareness of parents. Targeted interventions should be taken to improve parents’ oral health knowledge and guide their children to develop well The correct eating habits and brushing way.