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土壤酸化及其环境效应研究是土壤环境领域的重要内容。自行设计了模拟土壤酸化的电动装置,该装置由直流电源、反应槽、石墨电极组成,并采用四种不同类型土壤,研究了电动模拟土壤酸化后土壤pH、交换性酸和交换性阳离子组成的变化。实验结果显示,经电动处理后土壤pH发生明显变化,土壤pH由阳极到阴极逐渐升高,pH变幅为水稻土>燥红土>红壤>赤红壤,水稻土的pH变化比红壤更为明显;土壤交换性H+和Al~(3+)含量在阳极附近最高,交换性Al~(3+)占交换性酸总量达65%以上;交换性Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、K~+和Na~+表现出离阳极越远,含量越大的规律,其中交换性Ca~(2+)和Mg~(2+)在模拟酸化后含量变化较大,而交换性K~+和Na~+的变化幅度相对较小。结果表明,电动处理可快速获得不同pH梯度的土壤样品,并模拟了土壤酸化过程中的阳离子迁移过程,是模拟土壤酸化及其效应研究的有效方法。
Soil acidification and its environmental effects research is an important part of the soil environment. An electric device simulating soil acidification was designed by itself. The device consisted of DC power supply, reaction tank and graphite electrode. Four different types of soils were used to study the effects of soil pH, exchangeable acid and exchangeable cation Variety. The results showed that the pH of soil changed obviously after electric treatment, the pH value of soil increased gradually from anode to cathode, and the change range of pH was paddy soil> laterite> red soil> latosolic soil. The change of pH of paddy soil was more obvious than that of red soil. The contents of exchangeable H + and Al ~ (3 +) in the soil were the highest near the anode, and the exchangeable Al ~ (3+) accounted for more than 65% of the exchangeable acid. The exchangeable Ca ~ (2 +), Mg ~ ), K ~ + and Na ~ + showed the farther away from the anode, and the content was higher. The content of exchangeable Ca ~ (2+) and Mg ~ (2+) changed greatly after simulated acidification, while the exchangeability The change range of K ~ + and Na ~ + is relatively small. The results show that electric treatment can quickly obtain soil samples with different pH gradients and simulate the process of cation migration during soil acidification, which is an effective method to simulate soil acidification and its effects.