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浸润灌溉是一种具有发挥作物增产潜力,改良土壤,防止冲刷,减少灌水次数,合理用水,减轻和节省劳力等多方面优点的先进灌溉方法。根据头屯河农场两年来生产试验证实,确实值得推广应用。 头屯河农场土壤瘠薄,结构不良,土层仅厚约60馀厘米,地下水位在35公尺以上,而用水又很缺乏,因之灌溉问题成了生产好坏之关键。1952—1956年在灌水方法上由於一直采用漫灌及普通沟灌,因而产量极不稳定。据统计五年中平均单产,冬小麦仅为132.6市斤,玉米196.8市斤。为了扭转低产薄收的状况,1957年在苏联专家果列洛夫的指导下,全面地推行了浸润灌溉;到1958年两年中即迅速地提高了产量,如两年平均:冬小麦亩产248市斤,比前五年增产87.1％;玉米亩产621.5市斤,比前五年增产215.8％,这一事实阐明了浸润灌溉方法的巨大增产作用。该场历年不同灌溉方法对冬小麦、玉米单产影响如下表:
Infiltration irrigation is an advanced irrigation method that has many advantages such as increasing yield potential of crops, improving soil, preventing erosion, reducing irrigation times, using water rationally, reducing labor and saving labor. According to Toutun River farm two years of production tests confirmed that it really worth promoting application. Toutun River farm soil infertility, poor structure, the soil is only about 60 cm thick, groundwater level is above 35 meters, and water is very scarce, because irrigation has become the key to the production of good and bad. In 1952-1956, the irrigation method was very unstable due to the continuous use of flood irrigation and conventional furrow irrigation. According to the statistics, the average yield in five years is only 132.6 kg in winter wheat and 196.8 kg in corn. In order to reverse the situation of low-yielding crops, irrigation was fully implemented in 1957 under the guidance of the Soviet expert Guerrelov; by 1958, the output was rapidly increased in two years, as in the two-year average: winter wheat 248 This is an increase of 87.1% over the previous five years. The yield per mu of corn is 621.5 kg, an increase of 215.8% over the previous five years. This fact illustrates the enormous stimulation effect of the infiltration irrigation method. The calendar year different irrigation methods on the yield of winter wheat and corn as follows: