在当今的众多自我理论中,美国认知神经科学家巴尔斯提出的语境论自我理论,是最具原创性的自我理论。按照这一理论,意识与自我具有内在统一性,自我就是任何意识获得其解释的深层语境;但这种语境并不是虚拟的建构,而是有其脑中的实在基础,所以,自我并不是虚构的,而是实在的。巴尔斯的这种语境论自我理论虽然在一定层面上对自我的本质作出了合理的回答,但在自我的建立机制、自我的社会属性等方面还需要进一步研究。 Among the many self-theories of today, the theory of context theory proposed by American cognitive neuroscientist Barnes is the most original self-theory. According to this theory, consciousness and self have internal unity. Self is the deep context in which any consciousness obtains its explanation. However, this context is not a virtual one but a solid foundation in its mind. Therefore, Not fiction, but real. Although this kind of contextualist self-theory of Pauls gives a reasonable answer to the nature of self at a certain level, further research is needed on the self-establishment mechanism and self-social attribute.