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一、药物致癌: 1.抗肿瘤药致癌:环磷酰胺是临床常用的抗癌药,但也可致癌。Karchmer报道26例多发性骨髓癌患者,单用或合用环磷酰胺后均可发生白血病。Ellioff报道一例系统性红斑狼疮,因长期应用环磷酰胺而发生膀胱癌。该药致癌机制可能与其干扰正常免疫及核酸代谢,引起细胞变异和染色体畸变有关。长期应用氨甲喋呤、硫唑嘌呤可诱发皮肤癌、鼻咽癌和宫颈癌等。佟长顺报道两例银屑病,因长期服用双酮嗪(1例用药六年,总量达360克;1例
First, drug-induced cancer: 1. Antineoplastic agents Carcinogenic: Cyclophosphamide is a commonly used clinical anti-cancer drugs, but can also cause cancer. Karchmer reported 26 patients with multiple myeloma, either alone or in combination with cyclophosphamide can occur after leukemia. Ellioff reported a case of systemic lupus erythematosus, bladder cancer due to long-term use of cyclophosphamide. The drug-induced mechanism may be related to its interference with normal immunity and nucleic acid metabolism, causing cell mutation and chromosomal aberrations. Long-term use of methotrexate, azathioprine can induce skin cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer and cervical cancer. Tong Chang-Shun reported two cases of psoriasis, long-term use of diketopoxazine (one case of medication for six years, a total of 360 grams; 1 case