随机振动和噪声环境条件对航天器的设计与试验验证至关重要。文章阐述了航天器动力学环境模拟试验的原则,重点介绍了试验量级和试验持续时间的确定方法及其优缺点。确定试验量级的方法包括极限包络法和正态容差限法,确定试验持续时间的方法包括逆幂律、疲劳损伤和首次穿越方法。 Random vibration and noise environmental conditions are crucial to the design and test of spacecraft. The paper expounds the principle of spacecraft dynamics environment simulation test, and focuses on the determination of test magnitude and duration of test and its advantages and disadvantages. Methods to determine the experimental magnitude include the limit envelope method and the normal tolerance method. Methods to determine the duration of the experiment include inverse power law, fatigue damage, and first-pass methods.