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为研究深部厚煤层巷道围岩失稳破裂演化过程,以某煤矿厚煤层巷道为工程背景,采用离散元中随机分布三角形单元块体集合模型研究巷道开挖失稳。对深部厚煤层巷道围岩失稳破裂过程中位移、应力演化规律分析发现:两帮围岩水平应力释放相对于顶底板剧烈,竖向应力反之;围岩竖向应力释放的主要部位是巷道中部。结果表明,深部厚煤层巷道失稳破裂演化的2个主要特征为:1)顶板出现“尖顶型”垮冒,巷中是围岩失稳的关键部位;2)顶底板离层破坏严重。并对其相应机制进行分析:顶底煤岩松散破碎,自稳能力差,顶底板径向应力释放相对剧烈,巷道矩形断面顶、底板受力能力差等因素,导致围岩顶底板离层变形。基于深部厚煤层巷道失稳破裂的演化规律,给出锚索悬吊组合支护方式,结果表明该支护方式可有效地控制厚煤层巷道变形。
In order to study the evolution process of surrounding rock instability and fracture in deep thick seam roadway, taking the thick seam roadway in a coal mine as an engineering background, this paper uses the set of randomly distributed triangular element blocks in discrete element to study the roadway excavation instability. The analysis of the displacement and stress evolution of the surrounding rock in deep thick seam roadway during the process of instability and rupture shows that the horizontal stress release of the surrounding rock is intense and the vertical stress is opposite to that of the roof and floor. The main part of vertical stress release is the middle part of the tunnel . The results show that the two main features of the evolution of instability and fracture in deep thick seam roadway are as follows: 1) the roof appears “spire-type ” collapse, the key part of the surrounding rock instability in the lane; 2) . And the corresponding mechanism is analyzed: top and bottom coal rock is loosely broken, its self-stability ability is poor, radial stress of roof and floor are released relatively violently, the top and bottom of tunnel roadway are poor, . Based on the evolution law of instability and rupture in deep thick seam roadway, the combination support method of anchor rope suspension is given. The results show that this support method can effectively control the deformation of roadway in thick seam.