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现代科学研究的对象和领域与十九世纪有很大不同。宇观、微观、高速、低速领域中本质和现象的差别越来越大,获得的经验材料越来越少。经验材料的局限性也显得日益突出。人们单纯依靠经验材料使用归纳法来建立理论体系日益显得困难。同时想要在不够全面的少量经验材料中概括出演铎的前提也更不可能。于是,“对称性”和“逻辑简单性”等原则就成为十分重要的科学研究方法的具体原则了。
The objects and fields of modern scientific research are quite different from those of the nineteenth century. The difference between the essence and the phenomenon in the fields of space, micro, high speed and low speed is getting bigger and bigger, and less and less experience materials are obtained. The limitations of empirical material also become increasingly prominent. It is increasingly difficult for people to rely solely on empirical material to establish a theoretical system using induction. At the same time, it would be even more impossible to outline the prerequisites of acting priests in less comprehensive and less experienced materials. Thus, the principles of “symmetry” and “logical simplicity” are the specific principles of the most important scientific research methods.