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采用网袋法,对武夷山风景名胜区4种天然林凋落物分解特征进行1年的研究。结果表明:①各林分总的失重率大小顺序为:阔叶林叶(63.1%)>毛竹叶(60.2%)>杉木叶(51.6%)>阔叶枝(45.6%)>杉木枝(39.2%)>毛竹枝(39.3%)>马尾松叶(36.7%)>马尾松枝(25.3%)。②4种林分凋落物的分解系数k大小为:阔叶林叶(0.996 a-1)>毛竹叶(0.921 a-1)>杉木叶(0.725 a-1)>阔叶枝(0.608 a-1)>毛竹枝(0.499 a-1)>杉木枝(0.497 a-1)>马尾松叶(0.457 a-1)>马尾松枝(0.305 a-1)。③8种凋落物的有机C浓度总体上平缓逐渐减少,阔叶林和毛竹林的有机C损失比重高于马尾松林和杉木林;P处于波动的富集状态,毛竹林的P归还量较其他天然林低;N浓度变化趋势差异较大,阔叶林叶的分解最多,大部分组分分解后期出现富集现象;除阔叶枝外,其他凋落物组分的K浓度随着分解时间的增加单调递减趋势,属淋溶一释放模式。该研究旨在了解这4种亚热带天然林的生态系统功能、养分分解规律、土壤肥力状况等,为武夷山风景名胜区天然林的保护和管理提供科学依据。
A net bag method was used to study the litter decomposition characteristics of four natural forests in Wuyishan Scenery District for one year. The results showed as follows: ① The order of weight loss rate of each forest was: broadleaf forest (63.1%)> leaf (60.2%)> Chinese fir (51.6%)> broadleaf (45.6%)> Chinese fir (39.2% )> Bamboo branch (39.3%)> Pinus massoniana (36.7%)> Pinus massoniana (25.3%). The decomposition coefficient k of the four forest litters was as follows: broadleaf forest (0.996 a-1)> bamboo (0.921 a-1)> fir (0.725 a-1)> broadleaf (0.608 a-1) > Moso bamboo branch (0.499 a-1)> Chinese fir branch (0.497 a-1)> Masson pine branch (0.457 a-1)> Masson pine branch (0.305 a-1). (3) The organic C concentrations of 8 litters generally decreased gradually and gently, while the proportion of organic C in broadleaved forest and Phyllostachys pubescens forest was higher than that in Masson pine forest and Chinese fir forest. P was in a fluctuating and enrichment state, The results showed that there was a significant difference in the change trend of N concentration among the broadleaved forest leaves and most of the deciduous forest leaves were enriched in the late stage of decomposition. K concentrations of other litterfall components except the broadleaf branches increased monotonously Declining trend is a leaching release mode. The purpose of this study is to understand the ecosystem functions, nutrient decomposition and soil fertility of the four subtropical natural forests and provide a scientific basis for the protection and management of natural forests in Wuyishan Scenic Spot.