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美国戏剧大师尤金·奥尼尔被誉为美国的现代戏剧之父。他以强有力的艺术形式反映人的生存困境、人类的悲剧性处境,使作品具有无限的魅力、真挚和深沉的激情。内部环境和外部环境是人命运中不可抵抗的决定力量,人在这两种力量的驱使与推动下,毫无自由意志或自主行动,显得极其软弱,对自己的命运无能为力。奥尼尔在其作品中试图说明生活背后潜藏着一种力量,这种无法抗拒的决定力量塑造着人的生活,决定着人的命运。奥尼尔这种对于人类生存困境的悲剧视野与文学自然主义的观点相一致。然而他的自然主义并非绝对的悲观,在生活中不可抵挡的决定力量面前,在悲观的现实面前,人呈现出一种个体生命的价值、生活的意义。本文从《榆树下的欲望》这部作品中所包含的自然主义思想倾向,对人物形象特征进行详细分析解读,从而更深入地理解他的悲剧思想。
Eugene O’Neill, the American theater master, has been hailed as the father of modern American drama. In a powerful artistic form, he reflects the predicament of human existence and the tragedy of mankind, making the work full of charm, sincere and profound passion. The internal environment and the external environment are the irresistible forces of determination in the fate of human beings. Under the impetus and impetus of these two forces, people have no free will or act autonomously. They appear extremely weak and can not do anything about their own destiny. In his writings, O’Neill tries to show that there is a hidden force behind life, an irresistible force of decision that shapes people’s lives and determines people’s destiny. O’Neill’s tragic vision of the predicament of human existence is consistent with the view of literary naturalism. However, his naturalism is not absolutely pessimistic. Before the irresistible force of determination in life, before the pessimistic reality, man shows the value of an individual life and the meaning of life. This essay analyzes and analyzes the character of a character in detail from the tendencies of naturalism contained in the “Desire under the Elms,” so as to understand his tragedy thought in more depth.