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目的了解医院医务人员职业暴露发生情况,分析影响因素,为采取有效职业暴露防护措施提供参考。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对某医院连续4年医务人员职业暴露情况及其影响因素进行调查与分析。结果发生职业暴露的医务人员中,护士为高发人群,占62.56%;暴露方式以锐器伤为主,占96.92%;血源性病原体中,乙型肝炎病毒占67.18%;暴露时的关联操作以医疗废物处置居首位。结论加强职业安全防护教育,提高医务人员预防职业危害的能力,改变错误行为习惯,实施标准预防措施,推行使用安全器械,从而降低医务人员职业暴露所带来的危害。
Objective To understand the occupational exposure of hospital medical personnel, analyze the influencing factors and provide reference for effective occupational exposure protection measures. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to investigate and analyze the occupational exposure of medical staff in a hospital for four consecutive years and its influencing factors. Results Among the medical staff who had occupational exposure, the nurses were high-risk population, accounting for 62.56%. The main exposure method was sharp injury, accounting for 96.92%. Among the blood-borne pathogens, hepatitis B virus accounted for 67.18% Medical waste disposal ranks first. Conclusions Strengthen occupational safety education, improve the ability of medical personnel to prevent occupational hazards, change wrong behaviors, implement standard precautionary measures, and promote the use of safety equipment so as to reduce the harm caused by occupational exposure of medical staff.