目的了解汶上县农村居民恶性肿瘤发病流行病学特征,为进一步加强农村居民恶性肿瘤防治工作提供依据。方法基于汶上县2009~2012年恶性肿瘤报告资料,用Excel建立数据库,运用SPSS 13.0进行整理并按时间、地区、年龄、性别等进行描述性分析和率的χ2检验。结果汶上县2009~2012年报告发病率有逐年上升趋势,发病率最高的是军屯乡(349.47/10万),最低的是南旺镇(104.73/10万)。14个乡镇农村居民恶性肿瘤发病率各不同(P<0.01)。在6 598例恶性肿瘤发病者中,男性3 962例,女性2 636例,男女恶性肿瘤发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同年龄组恶性肿瘤发病率有随年龄增长而上升的趋势,其中80~岁年龄组发病率最高。发病前五位的恶性肿瘤依次为食管癌、肺癌、胃癌、肝癌和乳腺癌,占发病总数的76.58%。结论汶上县农村居民恶性肿瘤以食管癌、肺癌和胃癌为主,汶河附近是恶性肿瘤重点防治地区,男性和中老年人群为重点防治对象。 Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of malignant tumors among rural residents in Wenshang County and provide evidence for further strengthening the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors among rural residents. Methods Based on the reports of malignant tumors from 2009 to 2012 in Wenshang County, a database was constructed with Excel. SPSS 13.0 was used to analyze the data and descriptive analysis and rate χ2 test were conducted by time, region, age and gender. Results The incidence of Wenshang County reported from 2009 to 2012 increased year by year with the highest incidence being Jun Tun Township (349.47 / 100,000) and the lowest being Nanwang Town (104.73 / 100,000). The incidence of malignant tumors among 14 townships and rural residents was different (P <0.01). Among 6 598 cases of malignant tumor, there were 3 962 males and 2 636 females, the incidence of malignant tumors was statistically significant (P <0.01). The incidence of malignant tumors in different age groups tends to increase with age, of which the highest incidence of 80 ~ age group. The top five malignant tumors were esophageal cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer and breast cancer, accounting for 76.58% of the total. Conclusions The malignant tumors of rural residents in Wenshang County are mainly esophageal cancer, lung cancer and gastric cancer. The area around Wenhe River is the key area for prevention and treatment of malignant tumors, and the male and middle-aged and elderly population are the key prevention and treatment targets.