一、公、私文书之证据法意义书证是以其所记载的内容或表达的思想对案件事实起证明作用,相对于其他证据而言,与待证事实的关联往往更为直接和显著,是民事诉讼中最为常见的证据。按制作主体不同,书证可分为公文书和私文书。公文书系指国家机关和社会组织在其法定职权或法律授权的范围内制作的公务文书,私文书则是指公文书制作主体以外的个人或单位所制作 I. Evidence in Public and Private Documents Evidence of legal documents is evidence of the facts of the case based on the contents or expressions expressed in the documents. Compared with other evidences, the association with the facts to be certified is often more direct and significant. The most common evidence in civil lawsuits. According to the production of different subjects, the documentary evidence can be divided into public documents and private documents. Official documents refer to official documents made by state organs and social organizations within the scope of their statutory functions or powers authorized by law. Private documents refer to those made by individuals or units other than the main body of public documents