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在西方文论发展史上,作者的身份经历了从神灵的代言人到独立的个体再到离世的发展过程。阿根廷著名作家博尔赫斯和法国理论家罗兰·巴特都提出了“作者之死”的观点,只是二者在作者身份以及作者死亡原因的认识上存在一定的差异。通过宣告作者的死亡,他们都表达了对文本独立性和读者地位的重视与强调。他们的“作者之死”观只能在隐喻的范围内才有意义,所以,是特定的、成问题的。同时,他们的观点具有一定的互补性。
In the history of the development of western literary theory, the author’s identity has gone through the process of development from the deity’s spokesperson to an independent individual to his death. The famous Argentine writer Borges and the French theorist Roland Barthes all put forward the view of “the death of the author”, but there is some difference in the author’s identity and the author’s death cause. By announcing the author’s death, they all expressed their emphasis and emphasis on the independence of the text and the status of the reader. Their “death of the author” view can only be meaningful in the context of metaphors, so it is specific and problematic. At the same time, their views have some complementarity.