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本文在对产品系统和生态系统进行个体、层次和种群关系的对比,提出产品种群关系具有复杂交叉和可变的独特属性的基础上,借鉴生态学理论构建了基于资源、需求和社会环境的三维度产品生态位模型,认为与生态学理论中生态位更多地指向所处的资源环境不同,产品生态位处于人类所创造的社会环境中。因此,除了资源维度外,还应该包含产品所满足的市场需求,即功能位。只有这样,才能更好地刻画产品的生态位状态,描述产品与环境的关系。最后,基于产品生态位分析了产品种群的演绎过程和演化方向,认为产品种群的演化有两个方向:一是产品与组织能力进一步相匹配;二是与其他产品种群生态位相分离,以降低竞争压力。
Based on the comparison of individual, hierarchy and population relations between product systems and ecosystems, this paper proposes that the product population relations have complex crossover and variable unique attributes. Based on the theory of ecology, this paper constructs three The product niche model of dimensional product is different from the resource environment in which ecological niche points to more in ecological theory. Product niche is in the social environment created by mankind. Therefore, in addition to the resource dimension, it should also include the market demand that products meet, namely function bits. Only in this way can better characterize the niche status of products and describe the relationship between products and the environment. Finally, based on the analysis of product niche, the evolution process and evolution direction of product population are analyzed. It is considered that the evolution of product population has two directions: one is that product and organization ability are further matched; the other is product ecosystem niche separation to reduce competition pressure.