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目的探讨模拟失重和飞船舱内噪声复合因素对豚鼠耳蜗听性脑干反应(ABR)阈值的影响及雌激素的防护作用。方法 40只豚鼠随机分为单纯失重组、失重+噪声组、雌激素治疗组、雌激素预防组各10只。后肢悬吊法模拟失重,除单纯失重组外均暴露于模拟飞船舱内在天飞行及返回段的噪声环境,共5天。雌激素预防组实验前3天每天肌注苯甲酸雌二醇0.08mg/kg,首剂加倍。雌激素治疗组实验中每天肌注苯甲酸雌二醇0.08mg/kg,首剂加倍,持续至实验结束后3天。实验前、实验结束后即刻和实验结束后3天测试听性脑干反应阈值。结果各组实验前ABR阈值无差异,实验结束及恢复3天后各组ABR阈值之间有差异,雌激素治疗组ABR阈值最低。各组实验前后不同时间的ABR阈值均有差异。结论失重及失重+噪声均可造成豚鼠听功能损伤,后者造成的损伤更重。雌激素治疗对失重+噪声复合因素下的听功能损伤具有一定防护作用。
Objective To investigate the effects of simulated weightlessness and spaceborne cabin noise on the auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold of guinea pig cochlea and the protective effect of estrogen. Methods Forty guinea pigs were randomly divided into simple weight loss group, weightlessness plus noise group, estrogen treatment group and estrogen prevention group. Hindlimb suspension method simulated weightlessness, except for simple weight-loss group were exposed to simulate the spacecraft flight in the sky and the return section of the noise environment, a total of 5 days. Estrogen prophylaxis group 3 days before the experiment intramuscular injection of estradiol benzoate 0.08mg / kg, the first dose doubled. In the estrogen treatment group, estradiol benzoate 0.08 mg / kg was intramuscularly injected every day, and the first dose was doubled and continued until 3 days after the end of the experiment. Auditory brainstem response thresholds were measured before the experiment, immediately after the experiment and 3 days after the experiment. Results There was no difference in ABR threshold before experiment in each group. After the end of the experiment and 3 days after the resuscitation, there was a difference between ABR thresholds in each group. The threshold of ABR in estrogen treatment group was the lowest. There were differences in ABR thresholds between different groups before and after the experiment. Conclusion Weightlessness and weightlessness + noise can cause guinea pig hearing impairment, the latter caused more serious damage. Estrogen therapy has some protective effect on hearing impairment under the combined factors of weightlessness and noise.