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以 2 3 587份中国栽培大豆为试验材料 ,根据农艺性状 ,用 2 0种方法构建了大豆初级核心种质 ,对 3种分层法、3种确定取样数法和 2种个体选择法进行了比较 ,明确了栽培大豆核心种质构建的适宜取样方法和取样比例。不同取样方法与总体都进行了品种分类数、各性状符合度、数量性状平均数、各性状多样性指数方差和平均品种距离共 5个指标的比较分析 ,结果表明 ,三层次取样方法 (品种分类法 )对总体的代表性优于二层次或一层次取样法 ,按比例和平方根确定取样数方法对总体的代表性优于多样性指数法 ,聚类选择的方法对总体的代表性优于随机选择方法。在 2 0种方法不同取样比例条件下 ,方法 17的平均品种距离降低幅度大于方法 15。因此 ,利用品种分类法进行分层 ,用比例法确定取样数目 ,根据聚类结果进行个体选择的方法 15是构建大豆初级核心种质的最佳方法。用最佳方法构建的初级核心种质 ,比较不同取样比例的品种平均距离 ,确定品种平均距离由缓慢降低到明显降低点 (9.0 % )为适当的取样比例
Based on agronomic traits, 2 3 587 Chinese cultivated soybean were used as experimental materials to construct primary core collection of soybean with 20 kinds of methods. Three kinds of stratification method, three kinds of determinate sampling method and two kinds of individual selection method Comparison, clear the cultivation of soybean core collection of appropriate sampling methods and sampling ratio. The results showed that the three sampling methods (classification of varieties, classification of varieties Method) is better than the two-level or one-level sampling method for the overall representation, and the method of determining the sampling number by proportion and square root is better than the diversity index method. The clustering selection method is better than the randomness Method of choosing. Under the 20 sample sampling rates, the average distance of method 17 decreased more than that of method 15. Therefore, it is the best method to construct the primary core collection of soybean by stratified by species classification method, and the number of samples determined by proportional method and individual selection according to the clustering results. By using the best method to construct the primary core collection, the average distance of varieties with different sampling percentages was compared to determine that the average distance from the varieties decreased slowly to significant decrease (9.0%) as the appropriate sampling proportion