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为了解育种亲本中审定小麦(Triticum aestivum Linn.)品种的品质状况,采用SDS-PAGE技术对127份审定品种高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)组成进行分析。结果表明,共发现10种等位基因变异和17种亚基组合类型,其中Glu-A1位点以亚基Null(47.24%)和1(48.03%)为主,Glu-B1位点以7+8(44.09%)和7+9(44.09%)为主,Glu-D1位点只有亚基2+12(70.08%)和5+10(29.92%),总体品质评分为7.12。2002—2011年比1992—2001年审定品种品质有所提升,优质亚基2*、14+15、17+18和5+10出现频率相对提高了,但需注意1亚基频率降低较多。同时,5+10亚基频率仍需提高。另外,还需导入其他亚基种类,以丰富中国小麦HMW-GS组成多样性,提高优质亚基及优质亚基组合频率,改善小麦加工品质。
In order to understand the quality status of Triticum aestivum Linn., The composition of high molecular weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) of 127 certified varieties was analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The results showed that 10 allelic variants and 17 subunit combinations were found. Among them, Glu-A1 was mainly subunit Null (47.24%) and 1 (48.03%), 8 (44.09%) and 7 + 9 (44.09%) respectively. There were only 2 + 12 (70.08%) and 5 + 10 (29.92%) subunits at Glu-D1 locus with overall quality score of 7.12. Compared with 1992-2001, the quality of the tested varieties has been improved. The occurrence frequency of high quality subunits 2 *, 14 + 15, 17 + 18 and 5 + 10 has been relatively increased, but the frequency of subunit 1 should be decreased more. In the meantime, the frequency of 5 + 10 subunits still needs to be improved. In addition, other subunit types need to be imported to enrich the HMW-GS compositional diversity of Chinese wheat, increase the frequency of combination of high-quality subunits and high-quality subunits, and improve wheat processing quality.