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目的了解嘉兴市食源性诺如病毒散发感染的流行特征。方法选择嘉兴市第一医院和海宁市人民医院开展病例监测,收集2013年7月-2015年12月的监测病例信息及实验室检测结果进行分析。结果 2013年7月-2015年12月,采集病例粪便样本或肛拭子2 404份,实验室检测诺如病毒阳性病例254例,食源性诺如病毒阳性感染率为10.57%(254/2404)。经统计学检验,不同季节、不同职业之间食源性诺如病毒感染率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=64.15,P=0.00,χ~2=60.90,P=0.00)。食源性诺如病毒感染病例出现恶心、呕吐症状的比例要高于其他类型的食源性疾病,其差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=43.66,P=0.00)。结论诺如病毒是嘉兴市食源性疾病的常见病原体,应结合其流行病学特征开展有针对性的干预措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne norovirus infection in Jiaxing City. Methods The first hospital of Jiaxing City and Haining People’s Hospital were selected to carry out case surveillance, and the surveillance case information and laboratory test results from July 2013 to December 2015 were collected for analysis. Results From July 2013 to December 2015, a total of 2 404 cases of stool samples or rectal swabs were collected. 254 cases of norovirus positive cases were detected by laboratory tests. The positive rate of foodborne norovirus infection was 10.57% (254/2404) ). Statistical analysis showed that there was significant difference in foodborne norovirus infection among different seasons and different occupations (χ ~ 2 = 64.15, P = 0.00, χ ~ 2 = 60.90, P = 0.00). The incidence of nausea and vomiting was higher in cases of foodborne norovirus infection than in other types of foodborne diseases, with statistical significance (χ ~ 2 = 43.66, P = 0.00). Conclusions Norovirus is a common causative agent of foodborne diseases in Jiaxing City. Specific interventions should be carried out in combination with its epidemiological characteristics.