药物进入体内经过吸收、分布、代谢等过程,最终以原形或代谢物形式通过肾脏、肝胆系统、呼吸系统、皮肤汗腺分泌等多种途径排出体外,其中以肾脏排泄最为重要。肾脏排泄可分为肾小球滤过、肾小管主动分泌、肾小管重吸收3个方面。而肾小管对药物具有重吸收和排泄双重作用。重吸收多,排泄就少;反之,则排泄多。当药物或其活性代谢产物从肾小管腔液中排泄的快慢有所改变时,则会直接影响药物在 Drugs enter the body after absorption, distribution, metabolism and other processes, and ultimately to the prototype or metabolites through the kidneys, liver and gallbladder system, respiratory system, skin and other channels of secretion of sweat glands excreted, of which the most important renal excretion. Renal excretion can be divided into glomerular filtration, tubular active secretion, renal tubular reabsorption in three areas. The tubular reabsorption and excretion of drugs have a dual role. Reabsorption, excretion less; the other hand, then excretion and more. When the drug or its active metabolites excreted from the renal tubular fluid changes in the speed, it will directly affect the drug in