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目的研究以鸡粪和菌糠为主体物料在高温堆肥发酵过程中纤维素酶、木聚糖酶、淀粉酶以及蛋白酶酶活性的变化。方法通过测定各酶活动态变化,了解各酶在鸡粪堆肥中的变化规律。其中纤维素酶和淀粉酶采用DNS比色法,木聚糖酶活采用还原糖法,蛋白酶活采用福林法进行测定。结果随温度不断变化和酶本身的性质以及物料的作用机制机制不同,酶活动态变化表现出一定的差异性。物料发酵温度在0～3 d时迅速上升,在3～18 d持续高温期,15 d之后下降趋于恒定。各酶活变化基本上符合先上升至峰值再下降,最后保持恒定的规律。其中各酶发生高效反应的时间具有不一致性,纤维素酶活在第18天时达到峰值,淀粉酶活在第9天时达到峰值,木聚糖酶在第12天时达到峰值,而蛋白酶活在第3天时即达到峰值。结论酶对物料腐熟具有重要用,本研究结果为堆肥腐熟提供参考指标,对优化堆肥工艺具有重要意义。
Objective To study the changes of cellulase, xylanase, amylase and protease activities during the composting process with chicken manure and chaff as the main components. Methods By measuring the dynamic changes of each enzyme activity, understand the changes of enzymes in the chicken manure compost. Among them, cellulase and amylase were detected by DNS colorimetry, xylanase activity was measured by reducing sugar method and protease activity was measured by Folin method. The results showed that the dynamic changes of enzyme activity showed some differences with the changing of temperature, the nature of enzyme and the mechanism of action of materials. The fermentation temperature of the material increased rapidly from 0 to 3 days, continued to be high in the period of 3 to 18 days, and then decreased to a constant level after 15 days. Changes in the activity of each enzyme is basically consistent with the first rose to the peak and then decreased, the last to maintain a constant law. There was an inconsistency in the timing of efficient reactions of each enzyme, the peak of cellulase activity peaked on day 18, the peak of amylase activity on day 9, the peak of xylanase peaked on day 12, and the protease activity Peaks occur on day 3. Conclusions Enzymes play an important role in decomposing materials. The results of this study provide a reference index for compost maturation, which is of great significance to optimize composting process.