In recent years, China’s increased interest in environmental protection has led to a promotion of energy-efficient dual fuel(diesel/natural gas) ships in Chinese inland rivers. A natural gas as ship fuel may pose dangers of fire and explosion if a gas leak occurs. If explosions or fires occur in the engine rooms of a ship, heavy damage and losses will be incurred. In this paper, a fault tree model is presented that considers both fires and explosions in a dual fuel ship; in this model, dual fuel engine rooms are the top events. All the basic events along with the minimum cut sets are obtained through the analysis.The primary factors that affect accidents involving fires and explosions are determined by calculating the degree of structure importance of the basic events.According to these results, corresponding measures are proposed to ensure and improve the safety and reliability of Chinese inland dual fuel ships. In recent years, China’s increased interest in environmental protection has led to a promotion of energy-efficient dual fuel (diesel / natural gas) ships in Chinese inland rivers. A natural gas as ship fuel may pose dangers of fire and explosion if a gas leak occurs. If explosions or fires occur in the engine rooms of a ship, heavy damage and losses will be incurred. In this paper, a fault tree model is submitted that considers both fires and explosions in a dual fuel ship; in this model, dual All the basic events along with the minimum cut sets are obtained through the analysis. Primary factors that affect accidents involving fires and explosions are determined by calculating the degree of structure importance of the basic events. According to to these results, corresponding measures are proposed to ensure and improve the safety and reliability of Chinese inland dual fuel ships.