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针对小型低空长航时电动无人机需求,给出了太阳能/氢能混合能源动力系统集成方案和小型低空长航时无人机构型。针对典型任务剖面,综合考虑太阳能电池和氢燃料电池特性,提出了一种考虑全机重量能量耦合关系的总体设计方法和任务剖面驱动的能源管理策略;建立了能源系统模型,给出了能源控制流程,开发了能源管理仿真平台。以1.5kg任务载荷为例,完成了无人机总体方案设计,仿真分析了各种能源特性对飞行结果的影响。结果表明:能源管理策略能够根据任务剖面的要求合理配置能源系统的功率,满足各阶段的功率需求;无人机在冬至日航时为21h、夏至日可实现跨昼夜飞行;在能源系统重量相同情况下,该混合能源无人机的航时分别是纯锂电池无人机和燃料电池无人机的5.5倍和1.2倍。
Aiming at the demand of electric low-altitude long-haul electric unmanned aircraft, a hybrid solar / hydrogen energy system integration scheme and a configuration of small low-altitude long-haul UAV are given. Considering the characteristics of solar cells and hydrogen fuel cells, a general design method and a task-driven energy management strategy considering the coupling of total weight and energy are proposed for the typical mission profile. An energy system model is established and energy control Process, developed a energy management simulation platform. Taking the 1.5kg payload as an example, the overall design of the UAV was completed and the impact of various energy characteristics on flight results was analyzed. The results show that the energy management strategy can rationally configure the power of the energy system according to the mission profile and meet the power requirements of each stage. The unmanned aerial vehicle can fly over the night and day at 21 h during the winter solstice, Under the hybrid air drone flight time are pure lithium battery UAV and fuel cell UAV 5.5 times and 1.2 times.