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塔里木盆地中下寒武统白云岩储集空间类型有膏溶孔、粒内孔、粒间孔、晶间溶孔和构造裂缝。根据储集空间类型特征,白云岩储层可划分为膏溶孔型和颗粒+晶间溶孔型2种类型。利用岩心与常规测井资料进行高频层序与储层对比分析,结果表明中寒武统储层主要类型为膏溶孔型,储层发育受控于膏云坪沉积微相和同沉积期向上变浅的米级旋回;下寒武统储层主要类型为颗粒+晶间溶孔型,储层发育受控于潮下高能滩沉积微相和沉积期后三级层序界面的暴露淋滤,横向上表现为准层状分布特征。利用地层厚度、地震相等作图方法,初步预测了中寒武统膏云坪和下寒武统高能滩沉积相带的展布。中寒武统膏云坪微相在塔北—塔中地区沿着牙哈—塔中东部呈SN向带状分布,在塔西南地区沿着塘古孜巴斯凹陷东部到和田凹陷呈SWW向带状分布;下寒武统高能滩主要发育在由早加里东期张性同沉积断裂控制的水下隆起地貌,在塔中、巴楚隆起以及麦盖提斜坡广泛分布。结合储层分布特征与油气成藏条件分析,认为塔中寒武统膏溶孔型白云岩储层仍有较大的勘探潜力,盖层条件是成藏的关键;下寒武统白云岩储层分布面积广,勘探潜力大,是深层碳酸盐岩重要的油气勘探目标,巴楚隆起及其围斜部位是下寒武统白云岩的有利勘探区带。
The middle and lower Cambrian dolomite reservoirs in the Tarim Basin have the types of gypsum dissolution pores, intragranular pores, intergranular pores, intergranular dissolved pores and structural cracks. According to the type of reservoir space, the dolomite reservoirs can be divided into two types, the pore-dissolving type and the particle-intercrystal type. The results of high-frequency sequence and reservoir comparison using cores and conventional well logging data show that the main type of the Middle Cambrian reservoir is a gypsum-dissolved pore type. The reservoir development is controlled by the depositional microfacies and the same depositional period The upper Cambrian reservoir is mainly of grain + intergranular dissolution type. The reservoir development is controlled by the exposure of the subtidal high-energy beach sedimentary microfacies and the third-order sequence boundary after deposition Filtering, horizontal performance of quasi-layered distribution. The distribution of sedimentary facies belts in the Middle Cambrian and the Lower Cambrian Gaonengtan are predicted by using the method of formation thickness and seismic equal mapping. The mid-Cambrian Gaoyunping micro-facies distributes in a SN-belt distribution along the central area of Yaha-Tazhong in the Tabei-Tazhong area, along the SWW direction along the eastern part of the Tongguzabasi Sag to the Hetian Depression Belt-shaped distribution. The Lower Cambrian high-energy beach mainly develops in the subducted topography under the control of the Zhanggutong synsedimentary faults in the Early Caledonian period and is widely distributed in the Tazhong, Bachu uplifts and the Maigaiti slopes. Based on the analysis of reservoir distribution characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation conditions, it is considered that the Tazhong Middle Cambrian dolostone dolomite reservoirs still have great potential for exploration. The conditions of caprock are the key to hydrocarbon accumulation. The Lower Cambrian dolomite reservoir The wide distribution of layers and high exploration potential are important hydrocarbon exploration targets for deep carbonate rocks. The Bachu uplift and its bends are favorable exploration zones for the Lower Cambrian dolostones.