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This paper adopts counterexample guided abstraction refinement scheme to alleviate the state explosion problem of deadlock detection. We extend the classical labeled transition system models by qualifying transitions as certain and uncertain to make deadlock-freedom conservative, i.e. if the abstraction of a system is deadlock-free, then the system is deadlock-free. An abstraction refinement approach to deadlock detection is proposed, and the correctness of the approach is proved.