依据国内外有关文献资料概述了学界对少数人、少数民族概念的界定和讨论状况,并以少数民族权利保障为主线,从法的层面和法的视角,运用历史分析和比较研究的方法,探讨了当代中国少数民族法律认定的时代背景、演进逻辑、历史成就、存在的问题,并指出其未来努力的方向。 Based on the domestic and foreign relevant literature, the author summarizes the definition and discussion of the concept of minorities and minorities in the academic circle. With the guarantee of the rights of ethnic minorities as the main line, this article uses the methods of historical analysis and comparative research The contemporary background, evolvement logic, historical achievements and existing problems of legal identification of the ethnic minorities in contemporary China also point out the direction of their future efforts.