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目的:分析分步醇沉所得玛咖多糖的单糖组成,并对各部分玛咖多糖的抗氧化能力进行研究。方法:采用水提醇沉法得到玛咖粗多糖,通过分步醇沉对玛咖粗多糖进行分离、纯化;采用气相色谱分析法对各玛咖多糖的单糖组成进行分析;最后采用三氯乙酸法和清除DPPH自由基的方法考察各部分玛咖多糖的抗氧化能力。结果:分步醇沉随乙醇浓度增加依次得到0~40%乙醇多糖部分,40%~50%乙醇多糖部分,50%~60%乙醇多糖部分,60%~70%乙醇多糖部分及70%~80%乙醇多糖部分,依次命名为MP1,MP2,MP3,MP4和MP5;其中收率最大的为MP1,纯度最高的为MP4,分别为0.856%和68.5%;经气相色谱技术分析发现不同体积分数乙醇所得玛咖多糖的单糖组成种类及比例不同;抗氧化能力试验结果表明各部分玛咖多糖的抗氧化能力存在显著性差异,其中抗氧化能力最强的为MP5,MP4抗氧化能力次之,抗氧化能力最弱的为MP1。结论:分步醇沉所得各部分玛咖多糖的抗氧化能力有较大差异,玛咖多糖的抗氧化活性与其单糖组成的种类、比例及其空间构象密切相关,分步醇沉对分离纯化玛咖多糖具有重要意义,为玛咖多糖进一步分离纯化、结构组成和药理研究提供可靠的参考依据。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the monosaccharide composition of maca polysaccharides by stepwise alcohol precipitation, and to study the antioxidant capacity of each part of maca polysaccharides. Methods: Maca polysaccharides were obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation. The polysaccharides of Maca were separated and purified by fractional alcohol precipitation. The monosaccharide compositions of Maca polysaccharides were analyzed by gas chromatography. Finally, Acetic acid method and DPPH free radical scavenging method to investigate the antioxidant capacity of various parts of Maca polysaccharide. Results: The stepwise alcohol precipitation with 0 ~ 40% ethanol fraction, 40% ~ 50% ethanol fraction, 50% ~ 60% ethanol fraction, 60% ~ 70% ethanol fraction and 70% MP1, MP2, MP3, MP4 and MP5, respectively. Among them, the highest yield was MP1 and the highest purity was MP4 with 0.856% and 68.5%, respectively. Gas chromatographic analysis showed that different volume fraction Ethanol produced different types and proportions of monosaccharides of Maca polysaccharides. Antioxidant ability test results showed that there were significant differences in the antioxidant capacity of Maca polysaccharides, of which MP5 and MP4 had the strongest antioxidant capacity , The weakest antioxidant capacity of MP1. CONCLUSION: The anti-oxidative ability of Maca polysaccharides from step-by-step alcohol precipitation is quite different. The antioxidant activity of Maca polysaccharides is closely related to the type and proportion of monosaccharides and its spatial conformation. The separation and purification Maca polysaccharide is of great significance for the further isolation and purification of Maca polysaccharide, structure and pharmacological studies provide a reliable reference.