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目的明确茂南区登革热流行因素,探讨预防控制对策。方法收集茂南区2014年登革热疫情资料和蚊媒监测资料,采用描述性流行病学方法分析其流行因素和特征,用发病率,布雷图指数评价综合防控措施的效果。结果2014年茂南区共报告登革热29例,其中本地病例22例,输入性病例7例,发病率4.69/10万,聚集性疫情3起;男18例,女11例,男女比例为1.6∶1;以20~49岁为主,发病年龄最小10个月,最大年龄62岁;职业以农民为主,共报告了14例,占48.28%。报告地最多是河东街道7例;有86.21%的病例呈现典型的登革热症状;在疫情处理初期,居民平均布雷图指数42.86,各疫点经采取杀灭成蚊,清除蚊媒孳生地等措施后,75%的疫点一周内布雷图指数控制在5以下。结论茂南区登革热呈多点散发的低强度流行态势,流行呈输入性流行的特征;疫情发生后得到有效控制,防控效果较显著。
Objective To clarify the epidemic factors of Dengue in Maonan District and to explore the preventive and control strategies. Methods The data of dengue outbreaks and mosquito vectors monitored in 2014 in Maonan district were collected. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the prevalence and characteristics of dengue fever. The morbidity and the Brett Index were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the integrated control measures. Results In 2014, a total of 29 cases of dengue were reported in Muanan District, including 22 local cases and 7 imported cases, with an incidence rate of 4.69 per 100 000. There were 3 aggregated outbreaks, 18 males and 11 females, with a male-female ratio of 1.6: 1; mainly from 20 to 49 years of age, the youngest onset of 10 months, the maximum age of 62 years; occupation to farmers, a total of 14 cases were reported, accounting for 48.28%. Reported the most is Hedong streets in 7 cases; 86.21% of the cases showed typical dengue symptoms; in the initial stage of the outbreak, residents average Bretton index 42.86, the epidemic points after taking measures to kill mosquitoes, remove mosquito breeding sites , 75% of the epidemic points within a week control of the Brett Index below 5. Conclusion Dengue fever in Muanan District showed a low-intensity epidemic situation with multi-point emission. The epidemic was characterized by imported epidemic. After epidemic situation was effectively controlled, the prevention and control effect was significant.