将水暴露于高能辐射之中,会产生辐射分解产物H~(?)和OH~(?)基,后者在不溶性氧存在的条件下,生成超氧离子基(O_2~-)。辐射遗传学研究表明,OH~(?)基是对DNA 产生辐射效应的主要因素,O_2~-基则能加重DNA的辐射损伤,而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)能通过歧化作用,消除O_2~-对DNA 的破坏 Exposure of water to high-energy radiation produces H ~ (?) And OH ~ (?) Radicals, which are the products of the formation of superoxide ion (O 2 ~ -) in the presence of insoluble oxygen. Radiation genetic studies have shown that OH ~ (?) Is the main factor of DNA radiation effects, O_2 ~ - can aggravate DNA radiation damage, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) through the disproportionation, eliminating O_2 ~ - DNA damage