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同义句转换是英语表达丰富多彩的体现。它集拼写、理解于一体,灵活多变,可以较好地训练思维。一般情况下,同义句转换题型有以下几种:
Ⅰ. 比较等级间的结构转换
1. Tom is the tallest in his class. →Tom is ____ than ____ ____ in his class.
2. Kate runs fastest in her school. →No one in her school runs ____ ____ ____ Kate.
3. Li Lei is the most careful in his class.
→Li Lei is ____ careful than ____ ____ student in his class.
4. Ann runs faster than Meimei. →Meimei ____ run so ____ as Ann.
析:1.taller, anyone else 2.as/so fast as 3.more, any other 4.doesn’t, fast
常见替换:主语+动词+最高级+of/all/in+范围
→No one+动词+as+原级+as
→主语+动词+比较级+than any other+n.
Ⅱ. so…that…/too…to…/enough to之间的转换
1. The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.
→The boy is ____ ____ ____ ____ to school.
2. Lucy studied hard. Soon she caught up with her classmates.
→Lucy studied hard ____ ____ catch up with her classmates.
3. He isn’t tall enough to reach the apple on the table.
→He is ____ ____ to reach the apple on the table.
析:1.too young to go 2.enough to 3.too short
常见替换:so…that 否定从句
→too…to…/not(原形容词的)反义词+enough to
Ⅲ. 主句+after从句与not…until的转换
Zhang Hua left the classroom after he finished his homework.
→Zhuang Hua ____ leave the classroom ____ he finished his homework.
析:didn’t, until
常见替换:主语+短暂性动词+…+after从句
→主语+短暂性动词的否定式+…+until从句
Ⅳ. 现在完成时与一般过去时的转换
1. He bought a car two years ago. →He ____ ____ a car ____ two years.
2. His father died ten years ago. →His father has ____ ____ for ten years.
→____ ____ ten years ____ his father died.
析:1.has had, for 2.been dead; It is, since
常见替换:主语+过去式(短暂性动词)+过去时间状语
→主语+have/has+过去分词(延续性动词)+…for/since结构
→It’s+时间段+since+一般过去时
Ⅴ. 宾语从句与不定式的转换
I don’t know what I should say at the meeting.
→I don’t know what ____ ____ at the meeting.
析:to say
常见替换:主语+连接代(副)词+从句
→主语+动词+原连接代(副)词+to+…
Ⅵ. 简单句与复合句之间的转换
Get up early tomorrow morning, or you’ll miss the first train. →____ you get up early tomorrow morning, you will ____ the first train.
析:If, catch
常见替换:祈使句+or+简单句
→If否定从句+主句/If从句+主句(注意动词变化)
上句也可变为:If you don’t get up early tomorrow morning, you’ll miss the first train.
同样,祈使句+and/then 简单句可转化为:If 从句+主句。如:
Study hard and you will pass the exam.
→If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
Ⅶ. spend, cost, pay, take等词之间的转换
1. I spent two yuan on the book.
→I ____ two yuan ____ the book.
→The book ____ ____ two yuan.
2. He spent three hours on English last night.
→It ____ him three hours ____ ____ English last night.
析:1.paid, for; cost me 2.took, to learn
常见替换:sb.+spend+钱+on sth.
→sb.+pay+钱+for sth./sth. cost sb.+钱
sb.+spend+时间+doing sth.
→It takes sb.+一段时间+to do sth.
Ⅷ. 合并主语或其他成分
1. Lily may go with you, or Lucy may go with you.
→____ Lily ____ Lucy may go with you.
2. They didn’t know Jack or Kate.
→Neither Jack ____ Kate ____ ____ to them.
析:1.Either, or 2.nor, was known
常用:both…and, either…or, neither…nor合并主语或其他成分。
Ⅸ. 词语释义(注意次序)
1. My aunt often writes letters to me.
→I often ____ ____ my aunt.
2. I couldn’t write because my pen was broken.
→The ____ pen stopped ____ ____ writing.
3. Can you tell me how to get to the park?
→Can you tell me ____ ____ to the park?
4. There is not anything wrong with my watch. →____ is ____ with my watch.
析:1.hear from 2.broken, me from 3.the way 4.Nothing, wrong
Ⅰ. 比较等级间的结构转换
1. Tom is the tallest in his class. →Tom is ____ than ____ ____ in his class.
2. Kate runs fastest in her school. →No one in her school runs ____ ____ ____ Kate.
3. Li Lei is the most careful in his class.
→Li Lei is ____ careful than ____ ____ student in his class.
4. Ann runs faster than Meimei. →Meimei ____ run so ____ as Ann.
析:1.taller, anyone else 2.as/so fast as 3.more, any other 4.doesn’t, fast
常见替换:主语+动词+最高级+of/all/in+范围
→No one+动词+as+原级+as
→主语+动词+比较级+than any other+n.
Ⅱ. so…that…/too…to…/enough to之间的转换
1. The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.
→The boy is ____ ____ ____ ____ to school.
2. Lucy studied hard. Soon she caught up with her classmates.
→Lucy studied hard ____ ____ catch up with her classmates.
3. He isn’t tall enough to reach the apple on the table.
→He is ____ ____ to reach the apple on the table.
析:1.too young to go 2.enough to 3.too short
常见替换:so…that 否定从句
→too…to…/not(原形容词的)反义词+enough to
Ⅲ. 主句+after从句与not…until的转换
Zhang Hua left the classroom after he finished his homework.
→Zhuang Hua ____ leave the classroom ____ he finished his homework.
析:didn’t, until
常见替换:主语+短暂性动词+…+after从句
→主语+短暂性动词的否定式+…+until从句
Ⅳ. 现在完成时与一般过去时的转换
1. He bought a car two years ago. →He ____ ____ a car ____ two years.
2. His father died ten years ago. →His father has ____ ____ for ten years.
→____ ____ ten years ____ his father died.
析:1.has had, for 2.been dead; It is, since
常见替换:主语+过去式(短暂性动词)+过去时间状语
→主语+have/has+过去分词(延续性动词)+…for/since结构
→It’s+时间段+since+一般过去时
Ⅴ. 宾语从句与不定式的转换
I don’t know what I should say at the meeting.
→I don’t know what ____ ____ at the meeting.
析:to say
常见替换:主语+连接代(副)词+从句
→主语+动词+原连接代(副)词+to+…
Ⅵ. 简单句与复合句之间的转换
Get up early tomorrow morning, or you’ll miss the first train. →____ you get up early tomorrow morning, you will ____ the first train.
析:If, catch
常见替换:祈使句+or+简单句
→If否定从句+主句/If从句+主句(注意动词变化)
上句也可变为:If you don’t get up early tomorrow morning, you’ll miss the first train.
同样,祈使句+and/then 简单句可转化为:If 从句+主句。如:
Study hard and you will pass the exam.
→If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
Ⅶ. spend, cost, pay, take等词之间的转换
1. I spent two yuan on the book.
→I ____ two yuan ____ the book.
→The book ____ ____ two yuan.
2. He spent three hours on English last night.
→It ____ him three hours ____ ____ English last night.
析:1.paid, for; cost me 2.took, to learn
常见替换:sb.+spend+钱+on sth.
→sb.+pay+钱+for sth./sth. cost sb.+钱
sb.+spend+时间+doing sth.
→It takes sb.+一段时间+to do sth.
Ⅷ. 合并主语或其他成分
1. Lily may go with you, or Lucy may go with you.
→____ Lily ____ Lucy may go with you.
2. They didn’t know Jack or Kate.
→Neither Jack ____ Kate ____ ____ to them.
析:1.Either, or 2.nor, was known
常用:both…and, either…or, neither…nor合并主语或其他成分。
Ⅸ. 词语释义(注意次序)
1. My aunt often writes letters to me.
→I often ____ ____ my aunt.
2. I couldn’t write because my pen was broken.
→The ____ pen stopped ____ ____ writing.
3. Can you tell me how to get to the park?
→Can you tell me ____ ____ to the park?
4. There is not anything wrong with my watch. →____ is ____ with my watch.
析:1.hear from 2.broken, me from 3.the way 4.Nothing, wrong