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别称是利用一个人们所熟悉的个别事物来说明解释另一个别事物，给予后者一个新称谓的修辞方式。这一修辞新格与比喻有相通之处：二者都要通过类似联想构建，都是在特定的情景中借助人们的已知来说明未知，二者在修辞方式的变化上也有相似之处。二者的区别是：别称中的两项事物必须是本质相同的同类事物，而比喻中的两项事物必须是本质不同的两类事物；别称中的两项事物都只能是个别事物，而比喻中的两项事物则不受此限。明辨别称与比喻的同异，就可以避免辞格应用与辨析中的失误。
Another name is the use of a person familiar with the individual things to explain another thing, to give the latter a rhetorical rhetoric. The rhetoric is similar to the metaphor of the rhetoric: both must be constructed by similar associations, all of which are unknown in a given context with the help of people’s knowledge. Both of them have similarities in rhetorical changes. The difference between the two is that the two things in the alias must be similar things of the same nature and that the two things in the metaphor must be two kinds of things with different essences. The two things in the alias can only be individual things, Two things in the metaphor are not limited. Discrimination between the alias and metaphor of the same, you can avoid the rhetorical applications and analysis of mistakes.