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在长期的协同进化过程中,昆虫与其体内的共生菌建立了密切的互利共生关系。昆虫内共生菌不仅能调控宿主昆虫的营养代谢和生殖代谢,还能协助昆虫抵御生物、非生物胁迫,提高昆虫对化学农药的抗性及对寄主植物的适应性等。因此,内共生菌是宿主昆虫生长发育及适应性的重要调控因子。目前,随着组学技术的不断发展,内共生菌在宿主昆虫和寄主植物中的原位功能不断被挖掘,通过对内共生菌-昆虫-植物互作模型的研究,将进一步揭示昆虫内共生菌与昆虫、植物的互作机理,加深对昆虫适应性机制的理解并推进新型害虫防控和靶标技术的研发。本文就昆虫内共生菌的起源、特点、分布和传递,昆虫内共生菌在昆虫-植物-环境互作中的作用,以及昆虫内共生菌研究的方法和新技术等方面进行了综述,并对未来昆虫内共生菌介导的防御效应及昆虫适应性机理等热点问题进行了展望。
In the course of long-term co-evolution, insects and their symbionts have established close symbiotic relationship. Insect endosymbionts can not only regulate the nutritional metabolism and reproductive metabolism of host insects, but also help insects resist biological and abiotic stresses and improve insect resistance to chemical pesticides and host plant adaptability. Therefore, endophytic bacteria is an important regulatory factor for the growth and adaptability of host insects. At present, with the continuous development of omics technology, the in-situ functions of endosymbionts in host and host plants are continuously excavated. By studying the model of the interaction between endosymbionts, insects and plants, Bacteria and insects, plants, the interaction mechanism to deepen the understanding of insect adaptive mechanisms and promote new pest control and target technology research and development. This review summarizes the origin, characteristics, distribution and transmission of endosymbionts in insects, the role of endosymbionts in insect-plant-environment interactions, and the methods and technologies for studying endophytic bacteria in insects. Future insect endocomyzoa-mediated defense effect and insect adaptability mechanism and other hot issues are prospected.