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目的调查陕南山区消防官兵功能性消化不良(FD)的患病的发生率及分析其相关因素。方法采用国际功能性胃肠病罗马诊断标准设计的FD症状量表,通过问卷方式对生活在海拔1000～2200m的200名消防官兵进行调查,对可能的相关危险因素进行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果调查的消防官兵中被诊断为FD的有61例,患病率为30.5%,该61例FD患者临床症状表现为上腹部疼痛13例(21.3%)、饱胀感15例(24.6%)、烧灼感11例(18.0%)、早饱9例(14.8%)、反酸5例(8.2%)、恶心3例(4.9%)以及嗳气者5例(8.2%);FD组和健康组在躯体化、抑郁、焦虑及精神病性4个项目上比较,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);单因素分析结果,消防官兵吸烟(χ2=4.236)、饮酒(χ2=3.983)、喜进生冷食物(χ2=3.319)、焦虑(χ2=3.271)、参加灭火和抢险(χ2=3.493)5个因素是影响消防官兵发生FD的危险因素(P﹤0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果,吸烟(OR=6.358)、焦虑(OR=5.472)、参加灭火和抢险(OR=5.253)是影响FD发生的高危因素,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论山区消防官兵中FD的发生率较高,吸烟、喜进生冷食物,饮酒、焦虑和经常参加灭火和抢险是引发FD的危险因素。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of functional dyspepsia (FD) in fire officers and soldiers of mountainous areas in southern Shaanxi and to analyze the related factors. Methods According to the FD symptom scale designed by Rome diagnostic criteria of international functional gastroenterology, 200 fire officers and soldiers living at 1000 ~ 2200m above sea level were surveyed by questionnaire, and possible univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results Of 61 firefighters and soldiers who were diagnosed with FD, the prevalence rate was 30.5%. The clinical manifestations of 61 patients with FD were as follows: 13 cases (21.3%) of upper abdomen pain, 15 cases (24.6%) of fullness, (18.0%), 9 cases (14.8%) had early eruption, 5 cases (8.2%) of acid reflux, 3 cases of nausea (4.9%) and 5 cases The differences were statistically significant (P <0.05) in the four items of somatization, depression, anxiety and psychosis (P <0.05). Results of univariate analysis showed that fire officers and soldiers smoked cigarettes (χ2 = 4.236) (Χ2 = 3.271), participation in fire fighting and rescue (χ2 = 3.493) were the risk factors of FD in fire officers and soldiers (χ2 = 3.319), multivariate Logistic regression analysis, smoking (OR = 6.358), anxiety (OR = 5.472), and participation in fire fighting and rescue (OR = 5.253) were the risk factors influencing the occurrence of FD, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The incidence of FD is higher in fire officers and soldiers in mountainous areas. Smoking, hi into cold food, drinking, anxiety and regular participation in fire fighting and rescue are the risk factors of FD.