一、背景 1990年以前,捷克斯洛伐克推行的是苏联的经济模式。战前及战后的中小型生产企业,绝大部分被合并为国营大中型企业。商品生产不发达。 1989年底政权更迭后,尤其是1990年6月大选后以激进的市场经济和私有化为主要内容的政府施政纲领,为捷经济的私有化提供了政治、社会、经济和法律保障,为中小企业的发展铺平了道路。另一方面,要在较短的时间内,将原有的垄断性和大中型生产企业实行私有化也是不可能的。原有的经济结构的惯性与难以在世界市 First, the background Before 1990, Czechoslovakia launched the Soviet Union’s economic model. The pre-war and post-war small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises, the vast majority were merged into state-owned large and medium-sized enterprises. Underdeveloped commodity production. After the regime was changed in the end of 1989, especially after the general election in June 1990, the government’s political program with the radical market economy and privatization as the main content provided political, social, economic and legal protection for the privatization of the Czech economy. For small and medium-sized enterprises The development paved the way. On the other hand, it would be impossible to privatize the existing monopoly and large and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in a relatively short period of time. The inertia of the original economic structure and the difficulty in the world market