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在日本血吸虫卵浸出液中发现有一种对各种红血细胞有溶血活性的物质;溶血反应在37℃时较4℃时要快得多,且无需二价阳离子的作用,溶血度依赖于虫卵浸出液的浓度。由于这些溶血因子具有耐热和可溶于氯仿溶剂中,故似具有脂质的特性,以薄层色素分离法进一步分析显示浸出液的溶血活性是由游离脂肪酸产生的。再将卵浸出液中的脂肪酸作氯相色素分析,显示这些脂肪酸是由肉豆蔻酸,棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚麻油酸、亚麻脂酸以及花生烯酸等组成;其中花生烯酸的溶血性最强,亚麻油酸、亚麻脂酸、油酸、棕榈酸和肉豆蔻酸次之,而棕榈酸只有在二价阳离子参与下始呈现弱的溶血活性。从实验估算,1毫克卵浸液蛋白质中所含游离脂肪酸可高达0.22毫克。
In Schistosoma japonicum egg leachate, there is a substance that has hemolytic activity on various red blood cells. The hemolytic reaction is much faster at 37 ° C. than at 4 ° C. and does not require the action of divalent cations. The degree of hemolysis depends on the concentration of egg extract concentration. Since these hemolysis factors are heat-resistant and soluble in chloroform solvents, they appear to have lipid-like properties. Further analysis by thin layer chromatography shows that the hemolysis activity of the leachate results from free fatty acids. Then the fatty acids in the egg leachate were analyzed by chloroformate, which showed that these fatty acids were composed of myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linoleic acid and peanut acid; among them, The most hemolytic linoleic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid and myristic acid followed, while palmitic acid showed weak hemolytic activity only with the participation of divalent cations. From experimental estimates, 1 mg of egg extract contains free fatty acids up to 0.22 mg.