一、关贸总协定与乌拉圭回合 关税和贸易总协定是在美国策动下于1947年签定的一项多边贸易协定。第二次世界大战以后,为了促进世界经济发展,美国向联合国经济社会理事会提议召开世界贸易和就业会议,并建立一个以实现贸易自由化为目标的国际贸易组织。1946年2月,联合国经济社会理事会接受了这一建议,并成立了筹委会,50余国开会研究起草成立这一 I. The GATT and the Uruguay Round The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade was a multilateral trade agreement signed in 1947 under the auspices of the United States. After the Second World War, in order to promote the development of the world economy, the United States proposed to the UN Economic and Social Council to convene a world trade and employment conference and establish an international trade organization that aims to achieve trade liberalization. In February 1946, the United Nations Economic and Social Council accepted this proposal and set up a preparatory committee. More than 50 countries met to study and draft this one.