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所谓国有资产,是指国家所拥有的各种财产、债权和其他权益。任何社会形态,只要有国家存在,就有国有资产。但是,由于各个社会形态下的国家性质不同,不同社会的国有资产性质是不同的。在资本主义社会,国有资产具有私有性和剥削性。在资本主义社会,生产社会性和生产资料私人占有性的矛盾日益尖锐,资本主义社会的国有资产就是这一基本矛盾发展的产物。 我国社会主义国有资产是建立在生产资料公有制基础上的国家所拥有的各种财产、债权和其他权益,包括土地、河流、矿山、铁路、公路、港口、银行及全民所有制单位的各项财产、债权和其他权益。我国社会主义国有资产是社会化大生产与社会主义公有制相结合的必然产物,完全与生产社会性相适应。只有在社会主义生产资料公有制的条件下,国有资产的生产社会性才能得到充分发挥,才能真正体现国有资产的公有化。
The so-called state-owned assets refer to various kinds of property, claims and other rights and interests owned by the state. Any social form, as long as a country exists, has state-owned assets. However, due to the different nature of the state in different social forms, the nature of state-owned assets in different societies is different. In capitalist society, state-owned assets are private and exploitative. In capitalist society, the contradiction between the production of social property and the private ownership of the means of production has become increasingly acute. The state-owned assets of the capitalist society are the product of the development of this basic contradiction. China’s socialist state-owned assets are all kinds of property, creditor’s rights, and other rights and interests owned by the state based on the public ownership of the means of production, including land, rivers, mines, railways, roads, ports, banks, and all property of the people-owned units. Debt and other rights and interests. China’s socialist state-owned assets are an inevitable result of the combination of socialized large-scale production and socialist public ownership, and are fully compatible with the social nature of production. Only under the conditions of the socialist means of production of public goods, the social nature of the production of state-owned assets can be brought into full play, so as to truly reflect the public ownership of state-owned assets.