一、概述微型计算机在使用中用来完成下述任务:科学运算、各种管理(企业管理、财务管理、人事档案管理等)、工业控制及仪表的智能化等。虽然在使用上有所区别,但每种使用计算机都需要从外界获取数据,然后对数据进行处理(也就是数据计算),最后将处理的结果送到外界去。微型计算机中的微处理器(即CPU)是计算机进行数据处理的中心,亦即需要进行处理的数据由外界(CPU之外)送入CPU, First, an overview Micro-computer is used to accomplish the following tasks: scientific computing, various management (enterprise management, financial management, personnel records management, etc.), intelligent industrial control and instrumentation. Although there are differences in usage, each type of computer needs to obtain data from the outside world, and then process the data (that is, data calculation), and finally send the processed results to the outside world. Microprocessor microcomputer (CPU) is the computer data processing center, which needs to be processed by the outside world (CPU) into the CPU,