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通过对田径运动员进行8周振动训练,对比训练前后运动员下肢肌群爆发力及身体成分的变化,旨在了解数周振动训练对提高下肢爆发力的作用,探讨振动训练对田径运动员力量训练的意义,为田径运动员力量训练提供新的思路与参考。20名青年男性田径运动员,随机分为振动组10人,对照组10人。振动组采用振动训练台30 Hz频率、2 mm振幅对下肢进行为期8周的振动训练,对照组则进行8周传统的下肢力量训练。训练前后分别对运动员进行身体成分测试和下蹲跳测试(CMJ)测试。结果显示,振动组与对照组8周训练前后CMJ成绩出现非常显著的提高(P<0.01),骨骼肌含量出现显著性增加(P<0.05),而体脂百分比无显著性变化(P>0.05)。振动组与对照组组间CMJ成绩具有显著性差异(P<0.05),骨骼肌含量和体脂百分比无显著性差异(P>0.05)。由此得出结论,本研究所采用的8周振动训练方案可以有效提高田径运动员下肢肌群爆发力,且效果比传统器械力量训练更为明显,但对运动员身体成分组成影响效果并不显著,有待进一步研究。
Through the 8-week vibration training of track and field athletes, comparing the changes of athlete’s lower extremity muscle strength and body composition before and after training, the purpose is to understand the effect of several weeks of vibration training on raising explosive force of lower limbs and to discuss the significance of vibration training on track and field athletes strength training. Athlete strength training provides new ideas and references. Twenty young male track and field athletes were randomly divided into 10 vibration group and 10 control group. The vibration group used the vibration training bench 30 Hz frequency and 2 mm amplitude to train the lower limbs for 8 weeks, while the control group received the traditional lower limb strength training for 8 weeks. The body composition and squat jump test (CMJ) tests were performed on the athletes before and after training. The results showed that the CMJ scores of the vibration group and the control group increased significantly (P <0.01), the skeletal muscle content increased significantly (P <0.05) and the body fat percentage did not change significantly (P> 0.05) ). There were significant differences in CMJ scores between sham group and control group (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between sham group and control group (P> 0.05). It concludes that the 8-week vibration training program adopted in this study can effectively improve the explosive force of lower limb muscles of track and field athletes, and the effect is more obvious than that of traditional equipment strength training, but the effect on body composition of athletes is not significant further research.