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随着高速铁路运营里程和列车运营速度的不断增长,出现了一些和列车轨道耦合大系统密切相关的关键科学和技术问题。这些问题不仅影响到列车的运行品质,甚至威胁到安全运行,是当前高速铁路运用和发展中急需解决的问题。本文系统描述了高速铁路在运营过程中所出现的一些关键科学和技术问题,并述评了全世界有关这些问题的研究进展、现状和不足之处,提出了今后有利于认识和解决这些问题的发展方向。在长期高速运营的铁路大系统环境中,这些问题的形成的机理、发生、发展过程和预防措施的研究,需要从列车/轨道耦合大系统运营环境(速度、路况、气候和运用维修)、系统的自身参数匹配、材料选用和运营成本等全面系统考虑,并从理论、技术、工艺、监控和维修等方面解决。
With the continuous growth of high-speed railway operation mileage and train operation speed, some key scientific and technical issues that are closely related to the large-scale railway orbital coupling system have emerged. These problems not only affect the running quality of trains, but also threaten the safe operation of the trains. This is an urgent problem to be solved in the application and development of high-speed railway. This paper systematically describes some key scientific and technical issues that emerged during the operation of high-speed railway, and reviews the research progress, current status and shortcomings of these issues all over the world, and proposes the future development that will help to identify and solve these problems direction. In the long-term high-speed railroad large-scale system environment, the formation mechanism, occurrence, development process and preventive measures of these problems need to be studied from the train / rail coupling large system operating environment (speed, traffic, climate and operation and maintenance) Its own parameter matching, material selection and operating costs and other comprehensive and systematic consideration, and from the theory, technology, technology, monitoring and maintenance and other aspects of the solution.