地理因素对任何国家的发展都具有很大的强制性和约束性,也是影响国家对外战略和对外政策最基本和最持久的因素。中国在海洋观念和海洋政策上演变和发展的特点主要体现在四个方面,即海洋地位的战略性、海军战略的防御性、维护海洋权益手段的综合性以及解决海洋争端的和平性。 Geographical factors are very mandatory and binding on the development of any country. They are also the most basic and the most lasting factor affecting the country’s foreign strategy and foreign policy. The characteristics of China’s evolution and development in the concept of the oceans and the ocean are mainly reflected in four aspects: the strategic status of the ocean, the defensiveness of naval strategy, the comprehensiveness of the means of safeguarding maritime rights and interests, and the resolution of the peace in maritime disputes.