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目的分析航母舰载机拦阻着舰过程中飞行员在佩戴和不佩戴头盔时的头颈部动力学响应以及主要肌肉应变量。方法建立包括头部、7个颈椎和2个胸椎共10个刚体的人体头颈部的多体动力学模型;采用集总参数法描述韧带、椎间盘等软组织的力学特性;应用非线性应力-应变关系描述人体头颈部15组肌肉的力学特性。采用多组汽车碰撞过程人体头颈部动力学响应实验数据对模型进行验证。结果获取了拦阻着舰过程飞行员头部的过载曲线和15组肌肉的应变,结果表明颈夹肌拉伸程度最大,在不佩戴头盔时其应变可达50%,佩戴2.7 kg头盔时其应变可达56%。结论佩戴防护头盔会增加飞行员在拦阻着舰过程的颈部肌肉拉伸,仿真结果可用于进一步的损伤评估。
Objective To analyze the dynamic response of head and neck and the main muscle strain of pilots in the process of blocking a ship with and without a helmet. Methods The multi-body dynamic model of human head and neck including 10 rigid bodies including head, 7 cervical vertebrae and 2 thoracic vertebrae was established. The lumped parameters were used to describe the mechanical properties of soft tissue such as ligaments and intervertebral discs. Nonlinear stress- Relationship Describes the mechanical properties of the 15 groups of human head and neck muscles. The model was verified by using kinematic responses of human head and neck to the car during collision process. Results The overload curve and the muscle strain of 15 groups of pilots were obstructed. The results showed that the maxillary neck muscle had the highest degree of stretch, up to 50% strain when not wearing a helmet and strain when wearing a 2.7 kg helmet Up to 56%. Conclusion wearing protective helmets will increase the pilots in the blocking of the process of stretching the neck muscles, the simulation results can be used for further damage assessment.