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目的分析广西食物中毒事件流行病学特征,为预防和控制食物中毒的发生提供依据。方法收集2000-2011年广西食物中毒档案资料,建立数据库,归类统计分析。结果 12年间广西共发生食物中毒事件1 036起,中毒20 159人,死亡260人,年均发病率3.36/10万,病死率为1.29%,平均中毒规模19.46人/起;发病率前4年呈逐年上升的趋势,2004年后呈下降趋势;中毒起数和中毒人数以6月、9月最多,死亡人数5月最多;家庭和集体食堂为高发场所,农村居民>县乡镇居民>城市居民;植物性食品为食物中毒的主要食物类型;从中毒人数看,致病因素以微生物污染为主(45.16%)。结论食物中毒是广西重要公共卫生问题之一。农村家庭、集体食堂是食物中毒防制重点。加强食品卫生监督、针对不同高发场所制定相应防控措施、普及食品卫生知识、建立食物中毒预警系统和食品污染物与食源性疾病监测及预警系统,是预防和控制食物中毒的重要手段。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of food poisoning in Guangxi and provide evidence for the prevention and control of food poisoning. Methods The data of food poisoning archives in Guangxi from 2000 to 2011 were collected, and the database was established for statistical analysis. Results A total of 1 036 food poisoning incidents occurred in Guangxi in the past 12 years, with 20 159 poisonings and 260 deaths. The average annual incidence rate was 3.36 / 100 000, the case fatality rate was 1.29% and the average poisoning scale was 19.46 / Showed a trend of increasing year by year after 2004, showing a downward trend; the number of poisoning and poisoning in June and September the largest number of deaths in May up; family and collective canteens for high incidence of places, rural residents> county residents> urban residents The main food types of food poisoning were plant foods. From the number of poisoning, the main pathogenic factors were microbial contamination (45.16%). Conclusion Food poisoning is one of the important public health problems in Guangxi. Rural families, collective canteens are the focus of food poisoning prevention. Strengthening food hygiene supervision, formulating corresponding prevention and control measures for different places of high incidence, popularizing food hygiene knowledge, establishing food poisoning early warning system, and food contamination and foodborne disease monitoring and early warning system are important means to prevent and control food poisoning.