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以威海市里口山林火迹地为例,对该地区林火迹地不同烧死木清理方式下植被恢复情况进行调查研究,同时分析火干扰后群落乔木树种变化情况、火干扰对木本植物幼苗更新的影响、火干扰后灌草群落植被恢复及物种多样性。其结果表明,在重度过火区域,与烧死木伐处搬走和不清理相比,对烧死木进行伐倒截断处理乔木群体密度分别提高63.6%和38.5%以上,灌木和草本的物种多样性指数明显提高;在直播造林前,采取烧死木伐倒截断处理方式比烧死木伐处搬走和不清理措施,刺槐平均存活率分别提高20%和8.5%,臭椿平均存活率分别提高4%和3.3%;直播造林初期(前3年),臭椿在烧死木伐倒截断处理下的树高、根径生长效果最好,而刺槐在烧死木不清理处理下树高、根径生长效果最好。在火烧迹地天然更新初期,定株措施有利于自然萌发主要乔木树种麻栎、刺槐、臭椿的生长,且定株2次的生长效果最好。
Taking the firewood landmarks in Likou of Weihai City as an example, the vegetation restoration of burned wood under different burned areas was investigated in this area. The changes of tree species after fire disturbance were also analyzed. Fire disturbance caused the regeneration of seedlings of woody plants The effects of fire disturbance on vegetation restoration and species diversity of shrub and grass communities. The results showed that in severe over-fire area, the densities of tree population were increased by 63.6% and 38.5%, respectively, compared with the removal and no-clean-up of burned-out wood cutting sites, and the species diversity of shrubs and herbs The sex index increased significantly. Before the direct seeding afforestation, the burning rate of burned-out cuttings was increased by 20% and 8.5% compared with that of burned-out cuttings, respectively, and the average survival rate of Ailanthus altissima 4%, and 3.3% respectively. The tree height and root diameter of Ailanthus altissima under the truncated burned-out cutting were the best in the early stage of direct seeding afforestation (the first 3 years) The best growth path. In the early natural renewal of the burned-out area, the fixed-plant measures are conducive to the growth of the main tree species, Quercus acutissima, Robinia pseudoacacia and Ailanthus altissima.