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目的了解遵义市登革热疫情概况及其蚊媒的种类分布、密度及季节消长,评估登革热流行风险,为登革热的预防控制提供依据。方法 2016年5―10月在全市开展蚊媒密度监测,采用布雷图指数法、勺捕法监测蚊幼虫密度,采用人诱停落法、诱蚊灯法监测成蚊密度;采用描述流行病学分析方法对2016年疫情数据进行分析。结果 2016年遵义市报告登革热输入性病例5例,年发病率为0.065/10万。蚊幼密度监测结果显示,9―10月布雷图指数为0.00~35.71,其中废旧物品处的布雷图指数最高(35.71),其次为工地(17.58);5―10月勺捕法的阳性勺指数为0.87%~4.93%。成蚊密度监测结果显示,5―10月人诱停法诱捕成蚊177只,其中白纹伊蚊17只,占9.60%;停落密度为0.13~0.61只/h,平均为0.39只/h;9―10月采用诱蚊灯法诱捕成蚊199只,其中白纹伊蚊67只,占33.67%;诱捕密度9月为1.36只/夜,10月为0.61只/夜。结论遵义市存在登革热传播媒介白纹伊蚊分布,存在因登革热输入性病例引发本地疫情暴发流行的低风险,应加强监测。
Objective To understand the epidemic situation of dengue in Zunyi, the species distribution, density and seasonal fluctuation of mosquito vectors, evaluate the epidemic risk of dengue, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of dengue fever. Methods Mosquito density monitoring was carried out in the city from May to October in 2016. The density of mosquito larvae was monitored by Brett Index method and scoop catching method. Methods of analysis The 2016 epidemiological data were analyzed. Results In 2016, 5 cases of imported dengue were reported in Zunyi City, the annual incidence rate was 0.065 / 100000. Mosquito density monitoring results showed that the September-October Bretton’s index was 0.00 to 35.71, with the highest Bretet index (35.71), followed by the site (17.58); the scoop index 0.87% ~ 4.93%. The results of adult mosquito density monitoring showed that 177 mosquitoes were trapped in the May-October manure, 17 of which were Aedes albopictus, accounting for 9.60% of the total mosquitoes, with a mean of 0.39 to 0.61 per hour Ninety-nine mosquitoes were captured by mosquito-killing lamp from September to October, of which 67 were Aedes albopictus, accounting for 33.67% of the total mosquitoes. Trap density was 1.36 per night in September and 0.61 per night in October. Conclusion The distribution of dengue vector Aedes albopictus exists in Zunyi city. There is a low risk of the outbreak of local outbreak caused by imported dengue cases, and monitoring should be strengthened.