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目的建立药物灭螺工程化管理模式,评价其在现场应用中的控螺效果,为提高现场药物灭螺质量提供有效管理措施。方法按照“因地制宜、科学规划、监理负责”的原则,开展药物灭螺工程化管理,调查开展药物灭螺前、后钉螺分布并建立数据库,比较分析药物灭螺工程化管理模式的控螺效果。结果2006-2011年扬州市对6个县(区)96.27%(1 033/1 073)的有螺环境开展药物灭螺工程化管理。实施工程化管理模式后,药物灭螺环境钉螺死亡率由实施前的65.07%提高到87.16%(80.65%~89.38%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=4 623.297,P=0);其中灭螺环境有螺框出现率下降率、钉螺密度下降率和钉螺校正死亡率分别为57.67%(49.27%~66.98%)、76.67%(76.13%~83.66%)和86.58%(79.89%~88.89%),分别是实施工程化管理模式前的1.45、1.63倍和1.37倍。扬州市实施药物灭螺工程化管理模式3年后消灭了感染性钉螺,6年后全市有螺条块、钉螺面积、有螺框出现率、钉螺平均密度分别下降了56.27%、76.40%、67.99%和66.67%。结论高质量的灭螺药品是确保药物灭螺效果的基本要素,药物灭螺工程化管理模式是提高现场药物灭螺质量的有效管理措施。
Objective To establish an engineering management mode for drug snail control, evaluate its snail control effect in field application and provide effective management measures for improving snail loopholes on-site. Methods According to the principle of “according to local conditions, scientific planning and supervision”, the project management of drug snail control was carried out. The distribution of snail snails before and after the snail control was investigated and the database was established. The snail control project management model was comparatively analyzed effect. Results From 2006 to 2011, Yangzhou City conducted project management of drug snails in a snail environment in 96.27% (1 033/1 073) counties in 6 counties (districts). After the implementation of the project management mode, the mortality of Oncomelania snails in the snail-feeding environment increased from 65.07% to 87.16% (80.65% -89.38%) before the implementation, with a significant difference (χ2 = 4 623.297, P = 0) The declining rate of snail box occurrence rate, the reduction rate of snail density and the relative mortality of snail were 57.67% (49.27% ~ 66.98%), 76.67% (76.13% ~ 83.66%) and 86.58% (79.89% ~ 88.89% , Respectively, before the implementation of the engineering management model 1.45,1.63 times and 1.37 times. Infected snails were eliminated in Yangzhou three years after the implementation of the project management model. After six years, there were conch blocks, snail areas and screw snails in the city. The average density of snails decreased by 56.27%, 76.40% and 67.99% respectively % And 66.67%. Conclusion High-quality snail control drugs are the basic elements to ensure the snail-killing effect. The project snail management model is an effective management measure to improve the on-the-spot snail quality.