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完全竞争市场经济利用人类的自利本性,可以较好地实现效率,达到帕累托最优,但不能保证公平;现实市场经济不可能是完全竞争的,存在市场失灵,这为政府发挥经济职能提供了依据,但政府发挥经济职能也存在失效问题。所以,不管是理想状态的完全竞争市场经济,还是现实中的混合经济,都不能圆满地解决效率和公平问题。只有到了共产主义社会,人类得到自由全面的发展,既摆脱了自然奴役,又摆脱了社会关系的奴役,人类才能圆满地解决这一问题。
Fully competitive market economy using the nature of human self-interest, you can better achieve efficiency, achieve Pareto optimal, but can not guarantee fairness; realistic market economy can not be completely competitive, there is market failure, which is the government to play an economic role Provided the basis, but the government also has the function of economic failure. Therefore, both the perfectly competitive market economy in an ideal state and the mixed economy in reality can not satisfactorily solve the problem of efficiency and equity. Only in a communist society can mankind satisfactorily achieve a free and comprehensive development, freeing itself from slavery of nature and from social bondage, so that mankind can satisfactorily solve this problem.