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除了已开采和集中的闪锌矿矿床外,今天还有相当贮量的锌矿一不能用现有冶金工艺处理的细粒的复杂硫化物矿床。火法炼锌的主要问题,是要产生可以冷凝成液态锌的大量烟气。虽然ISF法很有效,但不能处理低品位锌料。也不能用湿法冶金来处理这种低品位料,因锌的回收率太低。目前处理低品位锌料的唯一方法是烟化法。瑞典霍福斯(Hofors)SKF钢铁工程公司研制的等离子炼锌法,即是经济处理低品位锌料的方法,其吸热还原反应所需的热量,由在等离子发生器内过热的少量热煤气供给,因此,能产生具有分压相当高的锌蒸气而无二氧化碳的可冷凝成液态锌的炉气。利用等离子生产锌的第一座工业装置,于1984年在瑞典问世。称作Scan Dust AB.每年将从钢厂烟尘产出15,000吨锌。
In addition to the mined and concentrated sphalerite deposits, there is today a considerable reserve of zinc ore, a finely divided, complex sulfide deposit that can not be treated with the existing metallurgical processes. The main problem with pyro-zinc is to generate a large amount of fumes that can condense into liquid zinc. Although the ISF method is very effective, it can not handle low-grade zinc. It is also not possible to treat this low-grade material with hydrometallurgy because the zinc recovery is too low. Currently the only way to deal with low-grade zinc is fuming. The plasma smelting process, developed by SKF Steel Works, Hofors, Sweden, is a method of economical treatment of low-grade zinc, the heat required for its endothermic reduction, the small amount of hot gas overheated in the plasma generator Therefore, it is possible to produce a gas condensable into liquid zinc having a relatively high partial pressure of zinc vapor without carbon dioxide. The first industrial plant to produce zinc by plasma was launched in Sweden in 1984. Called Scan Dust AB, which produces 15,000 tonnes of zinc per year from mill soot.