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以马斯洛、弗洛姆等为代表的现代西方学者提出了人的需要的学说。这一学说的基本观点是：人的需要问题是由人的生存条件所引起和决定的；人的需要有层次之分，而且不同需要层次之间具有某种本质的内在关联。在对人的多种需要全面考察的基础上，这些现代西方学者又进一步探讨了人的多种需要与人的充分发展的关系。
Modern Western scholars represented by Maslow, Fromm and others put forward the theory of human needs. The basic idea of this doctrine is that the problem of human needs is caused and decided by the living conditions of human beings; the needs of human beings are divided into different levels and there is a certain intrinsic connection between different levels of needs. On the basis of a comprehensive examination of the various needs of human beings, these modern Western scholars have further explored the relationship between the multiple needs of man and the full development of man.