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兰德斯与波斯纳的《侵权法的经济结构》是本集大成之作,但其以管制的投入产出模型去分析具自治本质的侵权法,必然是失败的。在大多数情况,兰德斯与波斯纳将防害投入仅限于物理资源,因此交易成本以及冲突活动间的价值抵换,都被排除在考虑之外。但问题是,前者正是制度选择的基础,而后者则是正确计算社会损失的保证,因此其模型就空空如也。其结果是:一、将侵害人的效益加入了故意侵权之分析;二、在分析各种赔偿责任制的利弊时,混淆了(事前)无责任制与(事后)个案中侵害人的无庸负责;三、在过失认定时,恰好颠倒了侵害人应适用的高低标准。漠视法律定性(基于制度分工),经济分析将无所附丽。
Landers and Posner’s “Economic Structure of Infringement Law” is a masterpiece of this book. However, it is inevitable to analyze the tort law with autonomous nature with a controlled input-output model. In most cases, Landes and Posner have limited their investment in physical resources only, so transaction costs and the exchange of values between conflict activities are excluded. But the problem is that the former is exactly the basis of the system choice, while the latter is the guarantee of the correct calculation of the social loss, so its model is empty. The results are as follows: First, the infringer’s effectiveness is added to the analysis of intentional infringement. Second, when analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of various liability systems, it confuses the excuse of non-responsibility system and (ex-factual) infringer upon ; Third, in the negligence found, just upside down the level of infringement should apply. Disregard of legal qualitative (based on the division of labor), economic analysis will be attached.